The present-tense conjugations of the indicative mood are used to talk about something that is true or currently happening. For example, the English phrase “I love baseball” includes the present tense form of the verb “to love”.<\/p>\n
As you recall, the infinitive form of most Talossan verbs ends with the letters -arh<\/strong>. To form the present-tense conjugations, that ending is replaced by one of the endings shown below. The Talossan verb amarh <\/em>(“to love”) is used for the examples.<\/p>\n These simple word-ending changes apply to all Talossan verbs except those (discussed below) that have irregular present-tense conjugations.<\/p>\n For example, menxh\u00e9u <\/em>is the form of the verb menxharh <\/em>(= to eat), and thus means “I eat” or “I am eating”. So, menxh\u00e9u dels uois<\/em> means “I am eating eggs”. Similarly, menxh\u00e1s dels uois<\/em> means “you are eating eggs”, and os non menxhent dels uois<\/em> means “they are not eating eggs”. [If you’re wondering why del<\/em>, which seems like it would make the sentence mean “I am eating of the<\/u> eggs”, see the Webpage about Talossan’s articles<\/a>.]<\/p>\n If the infinitive form of a verb ends with -carh<\/strong>, then the -\u00e9u<\/strong>, -ent<\/strong>, and -etz<\/strong> endings have the letter h<\/strong> included in writing, to preserve the hard c<\/strong> sound. For example, the verb pecarh <\/em>(= to sin) has the forms pech\u00e9u <\/em>(= I am sinning), pechent<\/em> (= we\/they are sinning), and pechetz <\/em>(= y’all are sinning).<\/p>\n Fifteen Talossan verbs (including some of the more frequently used, like “to go”, “to have”, and “to be”), have irregular present-tense conjugations. Those verbs are listed below and these exceptions simply need to be memorised:<\/p>\n For example, to say \u00e9u est\u00e9u<\/em>, intending to mean “I am”, would be improper; the verb estarh <\/em>must be conjugated as shown above, and not using the rules for regular conjugation that were given earlier. Thus, \u00e9u sint<\/em> is proper for “I am”.<\/p>\n The student of Talossan should become familiar with the verbs that conjugate irregularly; luckily (as you can see above), Talossan does not have a huge number of them. Notice, however, that any verb that is an “extended” form of an irregular verb will follow the same irregular conjugations. For example, the verb previdarh <\/em>(= to forecast) is an extended form of the verb vidarh <\/em>(= to see) \u2014 extended by the addition of the suffix pre-<\/strong>. Therefore, \u00e9u previd\u00e9u <\/em>is improper for “I forecast”; instead, \u00e9u prev\u00edu<\/em> is correct.<\/p>\n Notice that the we\/they and y’all forms of the verbs irh <\/em>(= to change location, to be “on the way”) and vi\u00e9narh <\/em>(= the manitive and retrospective aspect auxiliary verb) are identical. That is, os viennent<\/em> means “they are on their way” while os viennent \u00e0ð irh<\/em> means “they are just about to be on their way”. This is due to the fact that these two particular verbs have undergone a merger, to the point where irh <\/em>is now known as “the verb of motion”, and (after having adopted many of the conjugation forms of vi\u00e9narh<\/em>) now carries both senses “go” and “come”. Whenever any type of active motion is the sense, then the verb irh <\/em>is used. The verb vi\u00e9narh <\/em>(which originally meant “to come”) now has adopted the special use of forming the manitive and retrospective aspects (the “just about to” and “just finished” senses).<\/p>\n This modified distinction in the meaning of these two verbs holds true in all tenses and moods, even those (like the future tense) where the verbs do not share their conjugated forms. That is, irh<\/i> is always<\/u> “the verb of motion”, meaning either “to go” or “to come” based on context, and viénarh<\/i> is always<\/u> the auxiliary verb used to form the manitive and retrospective aspects.<\/p>\n Since vi\u00e9narh <\/em>is only<\/u> an auxiliary verb (that is, its only use is to provide a different verbal aspect to an infinitive that it introduces), this means that it is always followed by \u00e0<\/em> or da <\/em>and then an infinitive verb form. This separates it from irh<\/i>, which is not an auxiliary verb at all; so consider how ambiguity is actually not an issue when the shared conjugated forms are seen: in os viennent da l’avendaziun<\/em> (= they are on their way [“coming”] from the dinner), the verb viennent <\/em>is a conjugation of irh<\/em>, and in os viennent da zespartarh da l’avendaziun<\/em> (= they just left the dinner), it is a conjugation of vi\u00e9narh<\/em>, forming the retrospective aspect. Notice how subtle the distinction is between these two example sentences, thus further explaining how these Talossan verbs managed to undergo this unique merger of conjugated forms and semantic shift.<\/p>\n The present-tense conjugations of the indicative mood are used to talk about something that is true or currently happening. For example, the English phrase “I love baseball” includes the present tense form of the verb “to love”. Conjugation of Regular Verbs As you recall, the infinitive form of most Talossan verbs ends with the letters […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":63,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"onecolumn-page.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=186"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/63"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.talossan.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
Irregular Present Tense Verbs<\/h2>\n
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The Historic Merger of irh<\/i> (= to go) and viénarh<\/i> (= to come)<\/h2>\n